Narrative time in “Farhad Pirbal’s” novel “Europe Hotel” from the Gérard Genette’s perspective

Abstract

Narrative as a science analyzes and studies the form and structure of narrative texts. French critic and theorist Gérard Genette believes that writers can change the storytelling in three ways: “arrangement system”, “duration”, and “repetition”. Arrangement system refers to the chronology of events in the story that can be broken down at the narrative level. Duration refers to the amount of time that an event takes at the story level and the amount of time at the narrative level, which can be equal, more or less. Repetition means the recurrence of an event at the story level and the repetition of the same event at the narrative level, or vice versa.

This study attempts to apply the principles and criteria of Gérard Genette’s theory by using the "analytical description" method on the novel Europe Hotel because the course of time and the outcomes in the narratives of this novel are typical examples to be examined by the criteria of this theory.

The research has been divided into two sections. In the first section, it attempts to discuss narrative structure, narrative timing and theory. In the second part, the entire theory has been applied to the whole text of the novel.